Expert Systems Building Tools: Definitions. EXPERT SYSTEMS BUILDING TOOLS: DEFINITIONSAn expert system tool, or shell, is a software development. Some of. the generic components of a shell are shown in Figure. The core components of expert systems are. Figure 3. 1. Basic Components of Expert System Tools. Knowledge base: A store of factual and heuristic knowledge. Some tools use both. We offer tools to automate building of. Look throughout the industry for the highest quality PCB libraries at the lowest cost and you end up at our PCB Library Expert. Our PCB Library Expert lets you effortlessly. Building Performance Simulation for Designers. More information at http:// version: 9/30/2009. The building systems simulation module calculates heating and cooling system and plant and. IF- THEN rules. In PROLOG the knowledge is. The inference mechanism can range. IF- THEN rules to. Collecting knowledge needed to solve problems. The explanation can range from how the final or. However, it is now widely. These second generation tools encode the problem- solving. The emergence of such tools reflects the. A problem- specific, or task- specific, tool. Table 3. 1 lists most of the commercial tools. Japan. They are broadly categorized as general purpose. There are also more general- purpose tools. A general purpose tool such.
ES/KERNEL represents a class of tools, with a version of the tool. ES/KERNEL/W for. workstations; ES/KERNEL/H for mainframes and super- computers. ES/KERNEL/P for the personal computers; and ES/KERNEL/D for on- line. In addition to the tools developed by the Japanese, foreign- made. American, make up about 3. Japan. This JTEC panel is not aware of any. Japanese tools being sold in the U. S. Components of the next version of. ES/KERNEL - - ES/KERNEL2 - - are being developed in Europe and will be. Figure 3. 2 shows the relative. The four most popular tools. Hitachi. Fujitsu, and NEC. According to Nikkei AI, these tools are. Tools that run on multiple platforms (mainframe. PCs), such as ES/KERNEL and ESHELL, have been. The decision to use American and small- vendor. Commercial ES Building Tools Developed in Japan. Figure 3. 2. Expert System Tools in Use in Japan. In its 1. 99. 1 annual survey of fielded expert systems, Nikkei. AI reported 4. 8 applications developed with ES/KERNEL and 4. ESHELL. Up until 1. ESHELL was the dominant tool. In 1. 99. 2, ES/KERNEL. ESHELL by a wide margin (Figure 3. Sales of. these tools are affected by the platform on which they run and the base. The ESHELL family - - ESHELL. ESHELL/X (mainframe and workstation), ESHELL/FM (personal. ESHELL/SB (minicomputer) - - are written in UTi. Lisp. (University of Tokyo Interactive Lisp, quite archaic by present. ES/KERNEL runs on UNIX workstations and is written in C. Of course, today's workstation. Market Trends. As will be seen, the trends in the type of ES building tools that. Japan and the U. S. In contrast, machine learning tools are receiving. Europe than in either Japan or the U. S. Up to. now, the basic technology base of both the Japanese and American tools. U. S. The following is a description of some of. JTEC team observed that relate to tool technology. Specialization of tools. Most first generation. The same groups are also. These specialized. For example, the fourth most widely. EUREKA, was built by the Heavy Industry Division of Hitachi. MEL- DASH (Komai. Matsumoto et al. 1. Mitsubishi Electric's. Industrial Systems Laboratory specializing in the electric power. There are two underlying impetuses for developing task- specific. First, with a task- specific tool, the knowledge acquisition. The reasoning engine can also be customized to. The developers of MEL- DASH. Second. a task- specific tool geared to a particular end- user group's needs and. YPS/KR and FORTRAN/KR are. COBOL and FORTRAN user communities. FORTRAN/KR. claims to provide modeling facilities such as objects, rules and a high. FORTRAN programming environment. The representation of knowledge for. FORTRAN programming in areas such as design, scientific. Fujitsu America Inc. FORTRAN/KR. runs on Fujitsu mainframe computers and Sun workstations. Fujitsu's Strategy for Expanding ES Usage(Source: Fujitsu Limited)The decision to invest in the building of a task- specific tool is. Historically. diagnosis was the most popular application area for the first few years. Thus, diagnostic. More recently, both. Fujitsu and Hitachi claim that scheduling and planning systems have. Toshiba claims that design systems, especially in the area of. LSI routing, are also increasingly in demand. An interesting phenomenon is the popularity of Hitachi's EUREKA, a. It outsells domain. Table 3. 3 shows the actual numbers of. ES technology. Company- specific. Or, as at the Shimadzu Corp., the. To build diagnostic and usage guidance software systems, the. GENZO- I, an analysis tool useful for diagnostic. GENZO- II, a hybrid tool using. Hasegawa et al. 1. Workstation tools. Early developers of expert systems used. American tools and LISP workstations to develop their applications. For. example, Nippon Life Insurance developed its underwriting advisory. KEE (KEE is a trademark of Intellicorp, Inc.) on the. Symbolics workstation. Most early ES tools developed by the Japanese. It may be that the Japanese were forced to develop. Until. recently, the ESHELL line, a mainframe- based tool, was the best- selling. In the United States, a shift towards open, client- server. UNIX- based workstations. Sales jumped from around 3. Harmon 1. 99. 2b). Hitachi representatives believe. Hitachi's ES/KERNEL can be attributed to. UNIX workstations in Japan. Of the more. than 4,0. ES/KERNEL sold since 1. Embedded systems and system integration. In the early. exploratory period, expert systems were stand- alone systems solving. As customer confidence grew in the ability of ES. Knowledge representation and reasoning tools were. In many cases. especially with mainframe- oriented tools, the expert system component. Today, embeddability - - the ability to. Figure 3. 3. Changes in the Hardware Types Used for ES Development. Note: . System engineers trained in the use of ES technology. Thus, from the beginning they addressed the problems of. Fujitsu's ESHELL, until. Fujitsu software engineers were also. ES development. Hitachi's ES/GUIDE, which contains a. ES development, draws heavily on the spiral model. All this indicates that the Japanese. ES development. Combined with their. Japanese software. Novel Features: Fuzzy Logic and Neural Networks. Most ES tools contain similar features. Knowledge is generally. IF- THEN rules, and in newer tools knowledge can also be. The reasoning methods include forward chaining. And, most tools have facilities for generating. Japanese ES tools. U. S. Since expert systems. Among the Japanese, fuzzy logic is an extremely popular. It is most popular among control engineers. Recently, fuzzy control has been used in consumer. Mitsubishi's fuzzy elevator system, described in. Chapter 2, reduces the waiting time at. A neural network is typically used as a pre- processor to. The. neural net converts signals into symbolic information that can be. The SAFIA system shown in Figure 3. Nippon Steel's SAFIA, built with Hitachi's. EUREKA and Nippon Steel's own neuro- simulator AMI, controls the. Typically, such expert systems are. Figure 3. 4. SAFIA Blast Furnace Control System - Nippon Steel. Published: May 1.
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